Lenovo Marketing

Lenovo Acquisition Analysis Product/Brand choices: Some of the issues Lenovo needed to manage in the obtaining of IBM was the way to exploit the marriage of brands and how to win corporate regard with the Lenovo brand. The securing permitted Lenovo to move rapidly into the universal commercial center. Given that IBM had one of the most confided in brands far and wide, this permitted Lenovo to expand on past IBM’s notoriety. Be that as it may, Lenovo just reserved the privilege to utilize the IBM logo for a long time so they needed to use that asset.The media view of Lenovo’s relationship with the Chinese government was additionally worried to Lenovo’s administrators since firms with this sort affiliation will in general get bad grades for reliability. Accordingly they faced to confront overviews to decide client concerns. Subsequent to deciding to concentrate on development and quality the organization in the long run chose a methodology with two components: deve lop the Lenovo brand as ace brand and keep on fortifying the ThinkPad brand which appraised high among corporate purchasers. Estimating choices: Lenovo’s evaluating choices was an instance of how to situate itself in the brains of consumers.They had just gotten effective with the expense of assembling since the vast majority of the segments were at that point being made within China. In any case, they needed to pick what its image pith would be and over what number of classifications its image would be extended. As they saw it there were two gatherings with which to contend. One gathering incorporated the limited valuing model like Dell, HP, Acer and such. Another gathering included Apple and IBM which recognized their items on development and quality. So to stay serious, Lenovo intended to dispatch their new PC Series 3000.This was an endeavor to keep the ace brand and the ThinkPad as extravagance items at a top notch cost and to make another item that was evaluated lower an d could contend in the market on another level. They decided not to contend legitimately on cost with the 3000 family by applying what they realized business purchasers needed which was ‘worry free computing’. They were going to worry in their showcasing methodology that the Lenovo brand represented advancement. Contending on cost would have given the view of a modest item from China. However, they discovered that customers put a superior incentive on quality, unwavering quality and durability.Distribution choices: The procurement permitted Lenovo to secure circulation channels that IBM had just developed. It presently had a commercial center to 138 nations where the two organizations had been selling beforehand. Preceding the obtaining deals in China for Lenovo’s were 70% value-based through colleagues and 30% by connections or counseling. Comprehensively for Lenovo it was the inverse with just 30% of deals through accomplices. IBM’s client base had been dominatingly corporate clients. On the gracefully chain side IBM pc’s were at that point sourced in China so there were operational efficiencies to be gained.According to one official there seemed, by all accounts, to be no channel struggle since they had integral items and customer bases. They could gathering a wide item portfolio and utilize worldwide conveyance to take items around the globe. Joining the two societies despite everything represented a test to making the organization work in the way it was the merger was considered. Despite the fact that Lenovo had displayed itself after HP and IBM by concentrating on meritocracy, the potential for corporate and operational conflicts had not been unmistakably expelled. In any case, the youthful CEO Yang urged them to cooperate as they incorporate the two organizations. The key message was to trust the other person’. This helped encourage an environment that would support the change. Advancement choices: Lenovo had num erous provokes confronting them with respect to advancement of the brand and item portfolio. One was the way to situate the ThinkPad brand with the market and whether to put this brand on existing Lenovo items. The showcasing director figured this would weaken the ThinkPad brand and chose to keep the ThinkPad as a different item class that would expand on its notoriety of a superior business notebook.This turned out to be a piece of their procedure of a ‘one-two punch’: developing the Lenovo ace brand and keep on fortifying the ThinkPad item brand. Not long before the securing Lenovo had arranged an Olympic sponsorship so as to acquaint the world with the brand. They would have the option to utilize the Olympic logo for showcasing and advancement however this plan would come at a strong cost of $80 million to begin and another $160 for the extra publicizing prerequisite; a huge whole for an organization with $3. 2 billion in sales.Lenovo would likewise have the option t o keep on utilizing the IBM logo for a long time as a major aspect of the procurement which they expected to use. The advancement system prompted a three stage promoting plan. To start with, they ran an overall crusade where every advertisement finished with a notice of the ThinkPad rather than Lenovo to console client and keep up the ThinkPad force. The subsequent crusade was named ‘ThinkPad Unleashed’ which ran during the Olympics to accentuation that the ThinkPad was being made surprisingly better. The third stage focused on that Lenovo represented development which is the means by which they proposed to separate themselves from their competitors.In request to keep on bringing issues to light, the promoting director examined brand-following exploration from 10 nations each quarter. They would picked item arrangements on TV appears in nations like India because of the investigations. They likewise investigated flighty approaches to situate the organization as Dell and HP proceeded to outspend them in promotion dollars by as much as multiple times in the US and multiple times in Japan. After presenting a ‘3000’ group of pc’s for the private company advertise, the test was the manner by which to situate it as cost serious without the discernment that they were modest items from China.This may weaken the ace brand. They would examine more top to bottom about what business clients at last needed in their pc’s. To help with what their examination uncovered, every PC accompanied a lot of instruments named ‘LenovoCare’ for without ‘worry computing’. Showcasing procedure: The promoting technique would inevitably pressure a group of imaginative items that came about because of the marriage of the two brands. This would help bolster their statement of purpose: We put more advancement in the possession of more individuals so they can accomplish all the more astounding things.Delivering on this crucial en d up being harder than trying to say it. From the start, Lenovo strived to make a supervisory crew that was agent of the new worldwide market. They accomplished this by recruiting representatives in the nations where they sold the PC’s. Building up an advertising methodology that crossed the globe was an overwhelming errand that would possibly be fruitful if their different group of administrators cooperated. Having various societies cooperating toward a similar objective would be troublesome. Inside the initial a while after the securing the Lenovo lost market share.Now the organization would need to remain on the Lenovo brand to get them through the following a few troublesome long stretches of recovering that share and getting increasingly settled in the US advertise. They would locate that even in their own nation of origin of China where they once had the favorable position that opposition had gotten increasingly serious because of extra advertisement dollars they were s pending. For whatever length of time that they kept on supporting the imaginative culture which won IBM so much acknowledgment and to work to cause the way of life to oversee together this would prompt a fruitful future.

Global Warming, El Nino, and other Climate Phenomena

An unnatural weather change, El Nino, and other Climate Phenomena The climate we experience is an appearance of the atmosphere we live in. Our atmosphere is influenced by a worldwide temperature alteration, which has prompted many watched changes, including hotter ocean temperatures, hotter air temperatures, and changes in the hydrological cycle. Moreover, our climate is additionally influenced by common atmosphere wonders that work more than hundreds or thousands of miles. These occasions are regularly cyclic, as they reoccur at time interims of different lengths. An Earth-wide temperature boost can influence the force and return interims of these occasions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) gave its fifth Assessment Report in 2014, with a part committed with the impacts of environmental change for these huge scope atmosphere marvels. Here are some significant discoveries: Rainstorm are occasional breeze inversion designs joined by huge precipitation. They are mindful, for instance, for the late spring tempest time frames in Arizona and New Mexico, and the heavy storms in India’s blustery season. By and large, rainstorm examples will increment in territory and power with proceeded with environmental change. They will begin prior in the year and end later than what had been the average.In North America, where storms are restricted to the U.S. Southwest district, no adjustment in precipitation because of a worldwide temperature alteration has been obviously watched. A diminishing in the length of the period has been watched, however, and rainstorm are relied upon to be postponed during the year. So there seems, by all accounts, to be not a single help to be found for the watched (and anticipated) increment in recurrence of extraordinary summer temperatures in the U.S. Southwest, adding to drought.The measure of precipitation from storm downpours i s determined to be higher in the more critical situations considered by the IPCC. In a situation of proceeded with dependence on petroleum product and the nonappearance of carbon catch and capacity, absolute precipitation from rainstorm, comprehensively, is evaluated to increment by 16% before the finish of the 21st century. The El Niã ±o Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an enormous territory of curiously warm water that creates in the Pacific Ocean off South America, influencing climate over a huge bit of the globe. Our capacity to display future atmospheres while considering El Niã ±o has improved, and apparently changeability in precipitation will increment. At the end of the day, some El Niã ±o occasions will deliver more precipitation and snowfall than anticipated in certain zones of the globe, while others will create less precipitation than expected.The recurrence of tropical violent winds (hurricanes, storms, and storms) is probably going to remain the equivalent or diminishing, all inclusive. The force of these tempests, both in wind speed and precipitation, is probably going to increment. There are no reasonable changes anticipated for the track and force of North American extra-typhoons (Hurricane Sandy got one of those cyclonic tempests outside of the tropics).â â Prescient models have improved altogether over the most recent couple of years, and they are as of now being refined to determine remaining vulnerabilities. For instance, researchers have little certainty when attempting to foresee changes in rainstorm in North America. Pinpointing the impacts of the El Niã ±o cycles or the force of tropical violent winds in explicit zones has likewise been troublesome. At long last, the marvels portrayed above are to a great extent know by people in general, however there are numerous different cycles: models incorporate the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the Madden-Julian Oscillation, and the North Atlantic Oscillation. The communications between these wonders, provincial atmospheres, and an Earth-wide temperature boost make the matter of downsizing worldwide change forecasts to explicit areas bewilderingly mind boggling. Source IPCC, Fifth Assessment Report. 2013. Atmosphere Phenomena and their Relevance for Future Regional Climate Change.

Introducing Slashsquare - Indian Blog Network

Introducing Slashsquare - Indian Blog Network Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Introducing Slashsquare Indian Blog NetworkUpdated On 20/04/2018Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : Editorial FeaturedShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozcraN CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlog[Cross posted from Slashsquare Blog]When I started HBB I thought one blog was enough for me to survive in this tremendous field and that thought worked for me for couple of months, but then I realized the topics which I admire cannot be covered on one blog. HBB is not a Wikipedia to include all the existing topics. Then I understood HellBound Bloggers (HBB) will not be my first and last blog. My passion for blogs helped me to survive in this field midst my academics. With my academics coming to an end, my interest in blogging increased and I decided few blogs along with HBB will be safe for my future and I can write about various topics I admire.If I started another blog earlier, that would have killed both the blogs. My degree and my blog helped me to compare things brilliantly, I learned things which nothing can teach me in this world. So I decided I should stay with one blog at this point.P.S. I even started a forum and closed it (without an official good-bye).Why starting a new one?Comparing how my blog was before one year and how it is now, I can see a huge difference. Full credits to the evergreen guest authors, active readers and commentators. Success of HBB and myself belongs to their dedication. Practically right now it is in auto-pilot mode. I feel bad for not being a regular contributor for HBB, but I have some valid reasons for that. All I wanted is to fill HBB with informative posts. Each day I make sure Im publishing something to someone or delivering something to someone which should be a valuable part in his life.READ10+ Interesting Ways How Porn Websites Make MoneySay, he/she takes 10-15 minutes to read an article fully, they should not regret for putt ing their time on us, each and every post should make some valuable changes in their lives. So I check the guest posts submitted seriously, but at the same time, I dont want to disappoint newbies. They start to contribute without any guidance, so they kinda messed up at the end. If I say a big NO to their guest posts, they will forget there is a blog called HBB. Im trying to best to publish all the posts which are in Good Manner, no matter what kind of information they produce, as long as they are valuable and not repeated, there is nothing wrong in proceeding.Slashsquare NetworkHaving lot of blogs under a common name makes sense. So I started Slashsquare Network. I thought HBB Media or HBB Network would have been perfect, but you know, mind is a monkey. Jumped into another name.Slashsquare Network will have HellBound Bloggers (HBB) under it. Hopefully next week, you can see another blog under this network. Right now Im not trying to outsource, I made some changes to make things wor k properly.You can connect with us on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. You can also check our Slashsquare Blog for updates.So from now on, HBB will be under this network and you can expect few more good niche blogs under this. You can check our Network page for more updated details. Check out Slashsquare Network.

How to Mix Acid and Water Safely

When you mix acid  with water, its extremely important to add the acid to the water rather than the other way around. This is  because acid and water react in a vigorous exothermic reaction, releasing heat, sometimes boiling the liquid. If you add acid to water, the water is unlikely to splash up, however, even if it did, its less likely to cause injuries than if you make the mistake of adding water to acid. When you add water to acid, the water boils and  the acid may splatter and splash! Extra Caution With Strong Acids This rule is particularly important if you are working with strong acids that react completely with water. Mixing sulfuric acid and water is particularly risky because any splashed acid is corrosive enough to immediately burn skin and clothing. When mixing sulfuric acid or another strong acid, start with a volume of water large enough to absorb the heat of the reaction. Add the acid in small amounts of volume and stir thoroughly prior to adding more. Just Remember: Add the Acid An easy way to remember the rule  is Add the Acid. Protective Gear and a Fume Hood Because of the risk of splashes and the release of dangerous fumes, acids and water should be mixed inside a fume hood. Protective goggles, gloves, and a lab coat should be worn. If Acid Splashes In most cases, an acid splash should be treated by immediately rinsing the affected area with running water. Acid splashes on a lab bench or other surfaces may be neutralized by adding a weak base solution (e.g., baking soda in water). Although a strong base will neutralize an acid more quickly than a weak base, a strong base should never be used because the reaction between a strong base and acid releases a great deal of heat.

Communication And Its Impact On The Workplace - 936 Words

Overall, communication has a big impact over all of our lives. It is something that we use on the day to day basis. For most of us we use communication on our job each and every day. On our jobs we use communication through visual communication, verbal communication, and written communication. In the workplace communication is extremely important. It can be seen as the glue that basically holds the workplace together to produce a great organization. But with communication there are also some strengths and weaknesses that can impact an organization in a positive or negative way. Over the years the two components that have made a big impact in the workplace are formal small-group communication and the famous grapevine. Keywords: Communication, Formal Small-Group Networks, the Grapevine Communication As stated above we use communication each and everyday. According to authors Robins and Judge (2009) the term communication can be defined as â€Å"the transfer and understand of meaning (Robins Judge 2009, p. 351). Now going a step further authors Milakovich and Gordon of the text called Public Administration in America defines communication as the â€Å"vital formal and informal processes of interacting within and between individuals and units within an organization, and between organizations (Milakovich Gordon 2013, p.170). To begin with there are two types of communications that take place within the workplace such as formal communication and informal communication. FormalShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Communication On The Workplace Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pages2.1 Communication in the work place In management, planning, leading, organising and having control over the organisation requires one to have good communication skills in order to ensure that fellow colleagues and employees are able to work efficiently and effectively (Robbins Coulter, 2016). Therefore, in an organisational context, communication is a medium of either verbal or non-verbal communication within a specific context (Louw and du Ploy-Cilliers, 2014). 2.1.1 Role in the workplace CommunicationRead MoreThe Impact Of A Poor Communication Climate On The Workplace Essay951 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature review will consist of theoretical perspectives and previous research findings related to the communication climate in the workplace. The review will provide a focus for the study and to report the important concepts and data related to the attitudes and behaviors in the workplace. The review will include an overview of the behaviors, conflict resolution, and educating leadership on communication strategies. A variety of resources will be utilized for reviews of literature pertinent to the projectRead MoreIn modern times Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become ever-present in life.800 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern times Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become ever-present in life. Sometimes it feels as though it is encroaching on daily routine but the advantages it offers in both personal and working life are prodigious. This essay will examine the impact ICT currently has, on private life and at work. The issues arising from the developments of these technologies will also be given consideration. Furthermore legislation relevant to ICT will be examined to ensure there is adequateRead MoreDiversity Within The Workplace And How Communication Is The Driving Force Behind It Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesDiversity in the workplace and how communication is the driving force behind it. Workplace diversity can be described as â€Å"all the differences in age, gender, sexual orientation, education, cultural background, religion, and life experience† (Okora Washington, 2012, as cited in Mulkeen, 2008). Another functional definition of diversity is being cultural, racial, or sex-based. An organization’s definition and viewpoint concerning diversity guides the strength of its employees to connect and communicateRead MoreLateral Workplace Violence : Effective, Destructive, Or Harassment Behavior1344 Word s   |  6 Pages Lateral workplace violence is described as aggressive, destructive, or harassment behavior in the workplace between nurses or other members of the interprofessional team (Yoder-Wise, 2015). This type of behavior can occur within every aspect of life including professional, social, and personal life. The behavior can include gossiping, withholding information, or ostracism extending outside of the workplace and can occur in person or in cyberspace (American Nursing Association, 2011). LateralRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Ethical Practices1503 Words   |  7 Pagesin recent years. Business ethics can help the company to create and develop it workplace culture as well as to increase the productivity of employees. Due to the rapidly change and improvement of technologies, ethical practices within of the workplace have also been changed with the raising of new ethical issues. Many studies and researchers have indicated that it is very importance to identify and understand the impact o f technologies advance on ethical practice of businesses. The main purpose ofRead MoreThe Importance Of Communication1210 Words   |  5 Pagesimportance of good communication skills. Most college students are familiar with the aspect of good communication, but everyone seems to avoid explaining poor communication in detail. I believe the best way to practice good communication is to understand what poor communication is and to analyze how you may be practicing poor communication without proper knowledge. We use communication to express our thoughts and opinions. Communication takes place in many methods the main method of communication includesRead MoreThe Importance of Listening Skills in the Workplace Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesof time spent on communication (Eunson 2012:310), argue the importance of listening skills in the workplace. Your analysis should identify three specific listening behaviors and provide examples to demonstrate how these skills promote communication a nd understanding. Support your analysis with relevant communication theory and evidence from appropriate academic sources. Listening skills play a significant role in evaluating communication capabilities in the workplace throughout the globeRead MoreIntroduction to Business Communications Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction to Business Communications Report: 2/21/2013 Paragraph 1: Your Vision for the Company What does it means to be a ‘’good ‘’Communicator? A good communicator is an individual that can listen, organized, clarity, a being sincere. Understanding their communication style, because understanding your communication style is the key to being a great communicator whether it is being aggressive, passive, or passive aggressive. After knowing your communicating style you must be able to useRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Employee Performance1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe following annotated bibliography with the use of six peer-reviewed articles outlines the impact social media has had on business and management communication. Social media has changed so much for the world; it has connected people from all over with the click of a button. Even though social media has been a game-changer for many businesses and a vital tool for communication, it has brought along of negative outcomes. The articles I have researched demonstrate both pros and cons for the use of

Racial Profiling And Its Effects On Society - 982 Words

Racial profiling has and always will be a large part the American society. Although before we can discuss its effects on society and how society then affects me we should know what it is. Racial profiling is the use of an individual’s race or ethnicity by law enforcement personnel as a key factor in deciding whether to engage in enforcement (e.g. stop and search or arrest). In other word it is justifiable racism. I say this because in order to use a person’s skin color to determine whether they have committed a crime or not you must be comparing it to another skin tone. Then you get into the habit of thinking of the ‘bad races’ and the ‘good races’. I call it a habit because it was first an idea to help speed of the judicial process. It became a habit after they realized it was doing more harm than good but refused to change it. This however is not the only profiling, it is simply the one in the news right now. There is behavior and appearanc e profiling. We watch a person walk a certain way and assume the worst. We see a boy dressed in way we would never dress our son and declare war on them.These habit can lead to many lives ruined and stolen. The race card has never failed to be played. Not only race but stereotyping as well. If you are walking down a sidewalk and see a black you man with his pants hanging below his butt, three different colored shirts on (all untucked and wrinkled), hat on backwards with a headscarf tied under it what will be your reaction? You say youShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And Its Effects On Society1393 Words   |  6 PagesAlina Haseeb History 104 Professor Smith 3 August 2015 Racial Profiling We live in a society that has prospered generously over the years. America has opened its doors for so many different people by establishing itself as a free country. 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From slavery, segregation, and to world wars, furthermore ongoing issues of terrorism, these examples have led to the profound effects of racial profiling. Racial Profiling can be defined as the action of law enforcers and society, which specifically targets people based on race, ethnicity, religion or national origin and not by actual behavior. Although, many people may believe that racial profiling is non-existent,Read MoreRacial Profiling Is A Necessary Evil1100 Words   |  5 PagesRacial Profiling In order to understand racial profiling, it must first be correctly defined. Although different authors use different criteria for the term racial profiling, the definition for the word racial is â€Å"of, relating to, or based on a race The definition the dictionary puts forth for profiling is â€Å"the act of suspecting or targeting a person solely on the basis of observed characteristics or behavior.† Based on these definitions, racial profiling could be defined for criminal justice purposesRead MoreRacial Profiling : A Race And Ethnic Class1208 Words   |  5 Pagespoint presentation on â€Å"racial profiling†. Starting off racial profiling refers to the biased practice by law enforcement officials focusing on individuals for suspicion of crime, based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. Racial profiling is a very brood and sensitive topic because it’s a lot of it going on in the world today. My opinion is that racial profiling is a controversial topic in our society. 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According to Wikipedia, racial profiling is defined as: the inclusion of race in the profile of a person considered likely to commit a particular crime or type of crime. In other words, it is targeting specific ethnic groups because they are more likely to commit certain crimes. Racial profiling is a flagrant form of

System Thinking In Portflio Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The System Thinking In Portflio Management? Answer: Introducation Systems thinking and project management, both the function have a strong relationship with each other. Both of the topics are used together for big researches in the mid 90s. After World War 2 both the processes had their separate progression but their interrelation cannot be neglected, not even today. Development of bodies like SEBOK and PMBOK, elevated the practices of system thinking, specifically system engineering. The shared concepts between system engineering and project management are life-cycle advancement of designs and concepts as well as implementations of projects and systems (Liu, Forrest and Yang 2015). With the evolution of technology system thinking and engineering have been spread from hard to soft systems like personnel and communication management, team structure and performance, communication management and others (Brandstdter, Harms and Grossschedl 2012). The complexities of any project can be understood by the managers by application of concepts of system think ing. Purpose of this essay is to understand the system thinking process and application of different tools and techniques of system thinking in project management. A project can be considered as a system since a system is purposeful factor, interrelated with different interacting constructive parts. A system runs by taking input from the environment or circumstances and by converting them into desirable outputs (Hanson 2014). The structure of a system defines its relationships and usefulness in performing specific activities. Boundary of a system can be defined as the concerns regarding the systems and these concerns or scopes are changeable along with circumstances. A project consists of activities, structures and processes. Project managers can settle down an uncontrollable project by the appropriate application of system thinking (Henry et al. 2013). The term general system management is first introduced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy, which tells that a system can be identified by the dynamic interaction between the components and its non-linearity (Kerzner 2013). A part of a system cannot be understood separately. A system approach can be descr ibed as explaining the problems from large viewpoint to analyse, synthesize, provide feedback and verify alternative approaches which can minimise the complexities (Brownsword and Setchi 2012). Approach of system thinking in project develops a definition of project management system, which an helpful organisational sub-system for superimposing a project team on the structure of an organisation. System engineering is an inter-regulatory approach consisting of successful engineering systems for deducing the solutions of problems by understanding the needs of stakeholders and by deploying useful applications like opportunity explorations, documentations of requirements and validating and verifying the complexities (Kerzner 2013). System engineering should provide a guide for the necessary information regarding the boundaries, vocabulary and structural concepts of any discipline. It should inform about the values as well as limitations of system thinking to the project managers (Gomes and Romo 2015). Incorporating a system engineering process a project can avail requirements, verifications and functions (Haimes 2015). An effective project management system incorporates work breakdown structure that is a hierarchy composed of the products and services necessary for the completion of the project. This work breakdown structure is associated with system architecture, which configur es the alignment between system engineering and project management (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). With the application of system engineering the integration of risks and risk management process in project management is inevitable (Liu, Forrest and Yang 2015). These risks can be defined as the uncertainty of an event or its result constructed by system engineering. These risks can be categorised as- strategic, financial, operational, technical and program or project risks. These risks are associated with the strategic plans and policies of an organisation, its financial base, technical and operations departments of an organisation (Henry et al. 2013). In order to achieve safety from these risks system engineering must be incorporated of a suitable set of risk management procedures. The components of this risk management procedure are planning, identification of risk factors, analysis, development of strategies for responding to the risk factors, monitor and control of risks. A larger project management plan should include sufficient resources for risk management which can give pro per information about tools and techniques, objectives and goals, responsibilities and roles of communication. Next important thing is ti identify the category of the risks (Brownsword and Setchi 2012). There are several risk factors associated with technical, cost-revenue, human resources, production, management, engineering, business threats and more. A proper identification of risk factors will allow an organisation to take appropriate measures to counter the risk. Risk analysis can be of two methods, which are qualitative and quantitative (Haimes 2015). For qualitative analysis a risk mapping matrix delivers the risk probability. Quantitative analysis comprises two techniques, Decision tree analysis and Monte Carlo analysis in order to present the measurement of risks either by using permutation possibility or by sampling randomly. Analysing the risk factors, based on the findings strategies are made to respond against risks. Generic model of development of risk response strateg y follows acceptance, avoidance, control and transfer (Hanson 2014). Finally, the risks are controlled and monitored that those risk factors do not return in the system to affect the project. The techniques for controlling risk factors are achieved value, which is technique of comparison of earned work value with work value set to perform in the scheduled time, program metrics, which is periodic analysis of the achievement of risk management plans and measurement of technical performances, which is a quantification of technicalities of a project and comparison of it with project success metrics. Concepts that strategize the decision making ability incorporating investment policies, align it with objectives and allocation of individual and organisational assets and development of risk management strategies are the structural unit of portfolio management. It is associated with strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analyses that estimate the maximum return despite of presence of risk factors (Brandstdter, Harms and Grossschedl 2012). The consolidated management that manages various procedures, techniques and technologies applied by the bodies of project management in order to analyze a project based on several key characteristics is called project portfolio management (PPM) (Heising 2012). The key objectives of this management procedure is the determination of resource combination for delivery and scheduling of activities to properly achieve the operational, technical and financial objectives of an organisation keeping the boundaries and constraints delivered by strategies, consumers and other circumstances (Martinsuo 2013). Organisational maturity model explains the selection, management and completion of projects by any organisation. The portfolio consistency of any company is dependent on the experience of that organisation (Gomes and Romo 2015). Different levels of project portfolio management are associated with organisational maturity model differently (Bourne 2016). The first level, which can be described as reactive, consists of no formal tool for project management. The directives of management are prioritized on the basis the most needed projects and the projects have definite cost estimation. New-formed organisations are the elements of this PPM (Wendler 2012). The second level, emerging discipline, consists of a project management office that provides the surety of involvement of organisational strategies to the projects. The project managers at this level follow a specific set of project management processes giving priority to the initiated projects. Level three of PPM is initial integration (Beringer, Jonas and Kock 2013). The organisations in this level utilize a program, a set of projects embedded in its project portfolio management that clearly defines roles and objectives of project manager. Project officer, PPM manager and different committees that can guide a project exist in these organisations. Layer four, which is effective integration, consists of organisations those use the knowledge gathered from organisations all around the world (Teller et al. 2012). Each project is tracked, monitored and forecasted specifically for its benefits. Project portfolio is modelled to obtain risks, rewards and investment returns. Layer five of project portfolio management, effective innovation, is the maximum level of maturity of project portfolio management where the communication is channelled through an Enterprise project management office and the scope of interest of the project changes circumstantially. Roll out rate of the PPM projects at this level is faster than that o f the lower level PPM projects (Unger, Gemnden and Aubry 2012). Project managers are given responsibilities of smaller project for achieving improved flow of projects within the enterprise and quicker success rates. Aligning project portfolio with corporate strategies and objectives ensures the focus of any organisation towards the right projects. This alignment is done in the basis of strategic goals, assumptions, operational constraints and applicable data (Beringer, Jonas and Kock 2013). These portfolio alignments provides various benefits like clients have been clearly defined about the objectives and targets of the organisation and based on that the vision develops inside the client (Heising 2012). It gives clients the idea of project values and helps them to eliminate un-aligned projects for waste reduction and proper utilization of resources. There are certain business values related with portfolio management. Allocation of resources can be improved by prioritizing work through every available department of an organisation (Bourne 2016). The portfolio incorporates both in-house equipments and outsourced works. Work scrutiny can be improved by portfolio management as it suggests that the work has to be approved by all the stakeholders. According to the concepts, any work must be opened for scrutinizing in more than one area as any work when approved in any one area, it reduces the potential for other works to be approved in that same area (Martinsuo 2013). The authorization process of any work gets sufficiently open as the information of funding of the work gets revealed. The planning process gives the permission to every individual to propose work and channels the knowledge of authorization of the work to the relevant people. Consistency of work assessment can be improved by portfolio management planning process. The comp arison of the authorized work can be evaluated on an apples to apples basis. Along with the selection of high priority works, the alignment of work is also an effect of portfolio management (Unger, Gemnden and Aubry 2012). The alignment is made on the basis of targets and objectives of the overall context of the department. Work balance can be improved also. Financial portfolio management helps to develop a balance in the usage of resources. The instruments used to ensure this balance are bonds, real estate, stocks and some others. Sometimes evaluation of the portfolio of an authorized work set some barriers in the path of the work. Portfolio management helps to overcome these barriers by categorizing the events for spending resources and provides a way to adjust the expenses and create balance in utilization of resources (Wendler 2012). The values lie further ahead. A shift of focus from cost to investment is an important effect of portfolio management. Any work will only get authorized when teh values become relative to the cost structure. This focus change is primarily observed in the areas of information technology due to the involvement of computers. The values of expenditure can be mentioned in the portfolio. Collaboration and communication can be increased through portfolio management. Good amount of communication between the functional departments and the peer departments enhances the collaboration (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). The enhanced communication between the team for portfolio management and the executives of any organisation is also required for a perfectly build portfolio management system. Lastly, a project needs to be stopped at an appropriate moment. Sometimes the financial activities like the investment on a project do not fulfil the objectives (Teller et al. 2012). This profitability diminishes an d the resources need to be saved as they can be used for another approach. These ideas can be achieved from project portfolio management. Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be said that a project can only be developed properly with the application of system engineering. Thinking every step systematically helps a project to be constructed according to the objective of the project. Project portfolio management is centralized approach of management for different organisations. In order to gain the profit from the projects and fulfil their objective every organisation must include a project portfolio management team. PPM set the business values of an organisation and affects various parts of its functions. Ultimately it selects the works those need to be authorized and the works those need to be rejected. References: Beringer, C., Jonas, D. and Kock, A., 2013. Behavior of internal stakeholders in project portfolio management and its impact on success.International Journal of Project Management,31(6), pp.830-846. Bourne, L., 2016.Stakeholder relationship management: a maturity model for organisational implementation. CRC Press. Brandstdter, K., Harms, U. and Grossschedl, J., 2012. Assessing system thinking through different concept-mapping practices.International Journal of Science Education,34(14), pp.2147-2170. Brownsword, M. and Setchi, R., 2012. 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